---
title: 百喻經 3 以梨打頭破喻 The Pears and The Broken Head
description: "3 The Pears and The Broken Head"
---

3 The Pears and The Broken Head

3以梨打頭破喻

Once there was a bald-headed man. When someone threw several pears at him, injuring his head, he stupidly remained silent and refused to get out of the way. Seeing this, the people said, 「Why didn』t you get out of the way and thereby avoid injury to your head?」

The stupid man replied, 「That person was just showing off his strength, but he was stupid and had no wisdom. He thought my bald-head was a rock!」

The people said, 「You are the stupid one! How can you call him stupid? If you weren』t stupid, how could you have let him injure you and how could you have refused to get out of the way?」

This is like a Bhikshu who, unable to cultivate faith, precepts, learning, or wisdom, merely maintains an awesome appearance to attract support and offerings. Such a Bhikshu is like that stupid man who received blows on his head without running away and then called his attacker stupid.

譯文

早先有一個愚人，頭上光禿無發。當時有一個人用梨打他的頭，一下，二下，三下，頭全都被打得受傷破裂了。此時這個愚人默然忍受著，不知躲避離去。傍人見了這般情景，就對他說：「為什麼不避去呢?竟然一動不動地受打，致使頭都破了。」愚人答道：「像他那種人麼，驕橫侮慢，憑藉力氣而已，其實是愚癡的，缺少智慧。見我頭上沒有發毛，便以為是石頭，用梨來打我，頭就破成這個樣子。」傍人說道：「你自己愚癡，為何反說他愚癡呢?你若是不愚痴，怎麼會被他打得頭破，卻不知逃避!」

某些出家人也是如此，無能力具有澄淨之心、清涼之行，也無能力修習教法，更無能力思惟教法之理而生慧解，僅僅是整飭出家人的容儀法度而已，用以招來利養，恰如那個愚人，被別人打了頭，卻不知躲避離去，直至破傷了，反而說別人愚痴。這樣的出家人也像那愚人一般。

原典

昔有愚人，頭上無毛。時有一人，以梨打頭，乃至二三，悉皆傷破。時此愚人，默然忍受，不知避去。傍人見已，而語之言：「何不避去，乃住受打，致使頭破?」愚人答言：「如彼人者，憍慢恃力，癡無智慧，見我頭上無有發毛，謂為是石，以梨打我，頭破乃爾。」傍人語言：「汝自愚癡，云何名彼以為癡也?汝若不癡，為他所打，乃至頭破，不知逃避。」

比丘亦爾，不能具修信戎聞慧，但整威儀①，以招利養②，如彼愚人，被他打頭，不知避去，乃至傷破，反謂他癡。此比丘者，亦復如是。

注釋

①威儀：謂起居動作皆有威德有儀則，即習稱之行、住、坐、臥四威儀。佛門中，出家之比丘、比丘尼，戒律甚多，且異于在家眾，而有「三千威儀、八萬律儀」等之說。

②利養：亦即供養，以衣、食、臥具、湯藥等為主。本文指以他人的種種布施來養色身。

解說

此則譬喻指責了某些出家人徒守威儀，以此來求得利養，那麼，這種利養就如打愚人光頭的梨，傷害了出家人的功德根本，而出家人依然只是固著于威儀，不知轉而具修信戒定慧，則利養帶來的損害亦愈益擴大。