佛說十善業道經(中英文對照)
The Discourse On The Ten Wholesome Ways Of Action 佛說十善業道經
唐于闐三藏法師實叉難陀
Thus have I heard:
如是我聞。
At one time, the Buddha stayed in the palace of the Dragon King of the Ocean together with an assembly of eight thousand great Bhikshus and thirty-two thousand Bodhisattvas and Mahasattvas altogether. At that time the World Honored One told the Dragon King saying:
一時，佛在娑竭羅龍宮，與八千大比丘眾、三萬二千菩薩摩訶薩俱。爾時，世尊告龍王言。
Because all beings have different consciousness and thoughts, they perform. too different actions and as a consequence there is the turning around in all the different courses of existence. Oh Dragon King, do you see the variety of shapes and appearances in this meeting and in the great ocean, are they not different from one another.
一切眾生，心想異故，造業亦異，由是故有諸趣輪轉。龍王，汝見此會及大海中，形色種類，各別不耶？
Thus among all of them there is none which is not made by the mind, whether it is brought about by whole-some or unwholesome bodily, verbal, and mental actions, and yet the mind is formless it cannot be grasped or perceived, but it is the unreal accumulation and arising of all dharmas which are ultimately without owner, without I and mine. Although that which is manifested by each (being) according to its actions is not the same, there is nevertheless really no creator in these (actions). Therefore all dharmas are inconceivable and inexpressible, their own nature is phantom like. The wise ones knowing this ought to cultivate wholesome actions. Through this the aggregates sense-bases and elements that will be given rise to, will all be upright and those who will see them will not grow tired of them.
如是一切，靡不由心，造善不善，身業語業意業所致。而心無色，不可見取，但是虛妄，諸法集起，畢竟無主，無我我所。雖各隨業，所現不同，而實于中，無有作者，故一切法皆不思議。自性如幻，智者知已，應修善業，以是所生蘊處界等，皆悉端正，見者無厭。
Oh Dragon King, when you behold the body of the Buddha born from a hundred thousand of Kotis of merit, with all the marks adorned, the splendor of its radiance covering the whole of the great assembly, even if there were immeasurable Kotis of Ishvara and Brahma devas they all would not come again into appearance.
龍王，汝觀佛身，從百千億福德所生，諸相莊嚴，光明顯曜，蔽諸大眾，設無量億自在梵王，悉不復現，
Those who look with reverence at the Tathágata’s body how can they but not be dazzled. You again behold all these great Bodhisattvas of marvelous appearance, dignified and pure. All this comes into being entirely through the merit of cultivating wholesome actions. Again all the powerful ones like the eight classes of devas and dragons, and suchlike they also come into being because of the merits of wholesome actions.
其有瞻仰如來身者，豈不目眩。汝又觀此諸大菩薩，妙色嚴淨，一切皆由修習善業福德而生。又諸天龍八部眾等大威勢者，亦因善業福德所生。
Now all beings in the great ocean are of course and mean shapes and appearances, they all whether small or large performed unwholesome bodily, verbal, and mental actions out of all kinds of thoughts from their own minds. Thus is that each being receives its own result according to its action.
今大海中所有眾生，形色麤鄙，或大或小，皆由自心種種想念，作身語意諸不善業，是故隨業，各自受報。
You ought to practice and to study constantly in this way, and also to bring beings to a thorough understanding of cause and effect and to the practice of wholesome actions.
汝今常應如是修學，亦令眾生了達因果，修習善業。
In this you must have unshakable right view and you must not fall again into the views of annihilation and eternity. As to the fields of merit you rejoice in them, respect them and support them because of this you will also be respected and supported by men and devas.
汝當于此，正見不動，勿復墮在斷常見中，于諸福田，歡喜敬養，是故汝等，亦得人天尊敬供養。
Oh Dragon King you must know that Bodhisattva has one method which enables him to cut off all sufferings of evil destinies. What kind of methods is this? It is constantly, day and night, to recollect, to reflect on and to contemplate on the wholesome dharmas so as to cause the wholesome dharmas to increase from thought-moment to thought-moment, without allowing the least unwholesome thought to mingle in. This will then enable you to cut off all evil forever, to bring the wholesome dharmas to completion and to be constantly near all the Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, and other holy communities.
龍王，當知菩薩有一法，能斷一切諸惡道苦。何等為一？謂于晝夜，常念思惟觀察善法，令諸善法念念增長，不容毫分不善間雜，是即能令諸惡永斷，善法圓滿，常得親近諸佛菩薩及余聖眾。
Speaking about wholesome dharmas, the bodies of men and devas, the Illumination of the Sravakas, the Illumination of the Pratyekas, and the Highest Illumination, they are all accomplished depending on these dharmas which are to be considered as fundamental. Therefore they are called wholesome dharmas.
言善法者，謂人天身、聲聞菩提、獨覺菩提、無上菩提，皆依此法，以為根本，而得成就，故名善法。
These dharmas are the ten wholesome ways of actions. What are these ten? They are the ability to give up forever killing, stealing, wrong conduct, lying, slandering, harsh language, frivolous speech, lust, hate, and wrong views.
此法即是十善業道。何等為十？謂能永離殺生、偷盜、邪行、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪欲、瞋恚、邪見。
Oh Dragon King, if one gives up taking life then one will accomplish ten ways of being free from vexations.
龍王，若離殺生，即得成就十離惱法。
What are the ten?
何等為十？
1]. One give universally to all beings without fear.
一、于諸眾生，普施無畏。
2]. One always has a heart of great compassion towards all beings.
二、常于眾生，起大慈心。
3]. All habitual tendencies of hate in oneself will be cut off forever.
三、永斷一切瞋恚習氣。
4]. One’s body is always free from illness.
四、身常無病。
5]. One’s life is long.
五、壽命長遠。
6]. One is constantly protected by non-human beings.
六、恒為非人之所守護。
7]. One is always without bad dreams, one sleeps and wakes happily.
七、常無惡夢，寢覺快樂。
8]. The entanglement of enmity is eradicated and one is free from all hatred.
八、滅除怨結，眾怨自解。
9]. One is free from the dread of evil destinies.
九、無惡道怖。
10]. When one’s life comes to an end one will be born as a Deva.
十、命終生天。
These are the ten. If one is one who is able to turn-towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha and attain to the ability peculiar to the Buddha, to live as long as one wishes.
是為十。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得佛隨心自在壽命。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up stealing then one will attain to ten kinds of dharmas which can protect one’s confidence. What are the ten?
復次龍王。若離偷盜，即得十種可保信法。何等為十？
1]. One’s wealth will increase and accumulate and cannot be scattered or destroyed by Kings, robbers, floods, fires, and careless sons.
一、資財盈積，王賊水火及非愛子，不能散滅。
2]. One is thought of with fondness by many people.
二、多人愛念。
3]. People do not take advantage of one.
三、人不欺負。
4]. Everywhere one is praised.
四、十方讚美
5]. One is above the worry, that one oneself could be injured.
五、不憂損害。
6]. One’s good name spreads.
六、善名流布。
7]. One is without fear in public.
七、處眾無畏。
8]. One is endowed with wealth, long life, strength, peace, happiness, and skill in speech, without deficiencies.
八、財命色力安樂，辯才具足無缺。
9]. One always thinks of giving.
九、常懷施意。
10]. At the end of one’s life, one will be born as a Deva.
十、命終生天。
These are the ten. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, and attain to the realization of the purified great illumination wisdom.
是為十。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得證清淨大菩提智。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up wrong conduct one will attain to four kinds of dharmas which are praised by the wise. What are the four?
復次龍王。若離邪行，即得四種智所讚法。何等為四？
1]. All one’s faculties are tuned and adjusted.
一、諸根調順。
2]. One is free from turmoil and excitement.
二、永離諠掉。
3]. One is praised and extolled by the world.
三、世所稱歎。
4]. One’s wife cannot be encroached upon by anybody.
四、妻莫能侵。
These are the four. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination one will at a later time become a Buddha, and attain the master sign of the Buddha, of a concealed organ.
是為四。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得佛丈夫隱密藏相。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up lying then one will attain to the eight dharmas which are praised by the devas. What are the eight?
復次龍王。若離妄語，即得八種天所讚法。何等為八？
1]. One’s mouth is always pure and has the fragrance of a blue lotus flower.
一、口常清淨，優鉢華香。
2]. One is trusted and obeyed by all the world.
二、為諸世間之所信伏。
3]. What one says is true and one is loved by men and devas.
三、發言成證，人天敬愛。
4]. One always comforts beings with loving words.
四、常以愛語，安慰眾生。
5]. One attains to excellent bliss of mind and one’s actions, speech, and thoughts are pure.
五、得勝意樂，三業清淨。
6]. One’s speech is faultless and one’s mind is always joyful.
六、言無誤失，心常歡喜。
7]. One’s words are respected and are followed by men and devas.
七、發言尊重，人天奉行。
8]. One’s wisdom is extraordinary and cannot be subdued.
八、智慧殊勝，無能制伏。
These are the eight. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, and attain to the true speech of the Tathágata.
是為八。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，即得如來真實語。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up slandering one will then attain to five kinds of incorruptible dharmas. What are the five?
復次龍王。若離兩舌，即得五種不可壞法。何等為五？
1]. One attains to an incorruptible body because no harm can be done to one.
一、得不壞身，無能害故。
2]. One gets an incorruptible family because no one can destroy it.
二、得不壞眷屬，無能破故。
3]. One attains to incorruptible confidence because this is in line with one’s own actions.
三、得不壞信，順本業故。
4]. One attains to an incorruptible spiritual life because what one cultivates is firmly grounded.
四、得不壞法行，所修堅固故。
5]. One gets incorruptible spiritual friends because one does not mislead or delude anybody.
五、得不壞善知識，不誑惑故。
These are the five. If one is one who is able to turn-towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, and receive a holy retinue which cannot be corrupted by any Mara or heretic.
是為五。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得正眷屬，諸魔外道不能沮壞。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up harsh language then one will attain to the accomplishment of eight kinds of pure actions. What are the eight?
復次龍王。若離惡口，即得成就八種淨業。何等為八？
1]. One’s speech is meaningful and reasonable.
一、言不乖度。
2]. All that one says is profitable.
二、言皆利益。
3]. One’s words are bound to be truthful.
三、言必契理。
4]. One’s language is beautiful and marvelous.
四、言詞美妙。
5]. One’s words are accepted by others.
五、言可承領。
6]. One’s words are trusted.
六、言則信用。
7]. One’s words cannot be ridiculed.
七、言無可譏。
8]. All one’s words are spoken in love and enjoyed by others.
八、言盡愛樂。
These are the eight. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, he will be endowed with the perfect characteristic of the Brahma voice of the Tathágata.
是為八。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，具足如來梵音聲相。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up frivolous speech then one will attain to the accomplishment of the three certainties. What are the three?
復次龍王。若離綺語，即得成就三種決定。何等為三？
1]. One is certain to be loved by the wise.
一、定為智人所愛。
2]. One is certain to be able to answer questions with wisdom and according to reality.
二、定能以智，如實答問。
3]. One is certain to have the most excellent dignity and virtue among men and devas and one is without falsehood.
三、定于人天，威德最勝，無有虛妄。
These are the three. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, attain to the Tathágata’s ability to predict everything, and none of the predictions are ever in vain.
是為三。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得如來諸所授記，皆不唐捐。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up lust, then one will attain to the accomplishment of the five kinds of freedom. What are the five?
復次龍王。若離貪欲，即得成就五種自在。何等為五？
1]. Freedom of bodily, verbal, and mental actions because one’s six faculties are perfect.
一、三業自在，諸根具足故。
2]. Freedom as regards property because all enemies and robbers cannot rob one.
二、財物自在，一切怨賊不奪故。
3]. Freedom with regard to merit because whatever one wishes one will be provided with.
三、福德自在，隨心所欲，物皆備故。
4]. Freedom of being in the position of a King, because precious, rare and marvelous things will be reverently offered to one.
四、王位自在，珍奇妙物，皆奉獻故。
5]. The things one will get will surpass in excellency by a hundred times that what one is looking for, because in times by-gone one was neither stingy nor envious.
五、所獲之物，過本所求百倍殊勝，由于昔時不慳嫉故。
These are the five. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, be especially revered in all three realms and all of the beings of the three realms will respectfully make offering to one.
是為五。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，三界特尊，皆共敬養。
Again, oh Dragon King, if one gives up hatred then one will attain to eight kinds of dharmas of joy of mind. What are the eight?
復次龍王。若離瞋恚，即得八種喜悅心法。何等為八？
1]. One’s mind is free from the desire to injure and to annoy others.
一、無損惱心。
2]. One’s mind is free from hatred.
二、無瞋恚心。
3]. One’s mind is free from the desire to dispute and to argue.
三、無諍訟心。
4]. One’s mind is gentle and upright.
四、柔和質直心。
5]. One has attained to the mind of loving kindness of a saint.
五、得聖者慈心。
6]. One is of a mind that always acts beneficially giving peace to beings.
六、常作利益，安眾生心。
7]. One’s bodily appearance is dignified and one is respectfully treated by all.
七、身相端嚴，眾共尊敬。
8]. Because one is kind and forbearing, one will be born soon in the Brahma World.
八、以和忍故，速生梵世。
These are the eight. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will in later times become a Buddha, attain to the mind of the Buddha that is free from obstacles. People will not become tired of looking at him.
是為八。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，得佛無礙心，觀者無厭。
Again, Oh Dragon King, if one gives up wrong views, one will attain to the accomplishment of ten meritorious dharmas. What are the ten?
復次龍王。若離邪見，即得成就十功德法。何等為十？
1]. One attains to genuinely good bliss of mind and one gets genuinely good companions.
一、得真善意樂、真善等侶。
2]. One has deep confidence in the law of cause and effect and one would rather lose one’s life than do evil.
二、深信因果，寧殞身命，終不作惡。
3]. One takes refuge in the Buddha only and not in devas or others.
三、惟歸依佛，非余天等。
4]. One is of a straight mind and right views, and leaves behind the net of doubts about good and evil fortune.
四、直心正見，永離一切吉凶疑網。
5]. One will not be born again in an evil course of existence but will always be born as a man or Deva.
五、常生人天，不更惡道。
6]. Immeasurable blessings and wisdom will increase sublimely from turn to turn.
六、無量福慧，轉轉增勝。
7]. One will forever leave the wrong path and tread the holy path.
七、永離邪道，行于聖道。
8]. The view of a personality will not arise in one and one gives up all evil actions.
八、不起身見，舍諸惡業。
9]. One will abide in unobstructed understanding.
九、住無礙見。
10]. One will not fall into any difficult conditions.
十、不墮諸難。
These are the ten. If one is one who is able to turn towards the Highest Perfect Illumination, one will at a later time become a Buddha, realize quickly all Buddha-dharmas and accomplish the mastery of the higher spiritual powers.”
是為十。若能迴向阿耨多羅三藐三菩提者，後成佛時，速證一切佛法，成就自在神通。
At that time the World Honored One further told the Dragon King saying:
爾時，世尊復告龍王言。
“If there is a Bodhisattva who is able to give up killing and harming, and practice giving, follow these wholesome actions at the time he treads the path, he will therefore always be rich in wealth, without anybody being able to rob him, he will have a long life and not die untimely, and he will not be injured by any robbers or enemies.
若有菩薩，依此善業，于修道時，能離殺害，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，長壽無夭，不為一切怨賊損害。
Because he gives up taking what is not given and practice giving, he will always be rich in wealth without there being anybody who can rob him. He will be most excelling beyond comparison (in this respect), and will be able to collect completely all the store of Buddha-dharmas.
離不與取，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，最勝無比，悉能備集諸佛法藏。
Because he gives up the impure way of living and practices giving, he will always be rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. His family will be virtuous and obedient. There will be nobody who can look at his mother, wife, and daughter with a lustful mind.
離非梵行，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，其家貞順，母及妻子，無有能以欲心視者。
Because he gives up false speech and practices giving, he will always be rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. Giving up all slandering he takes up the true Dharma. That which he does according to his vows will certainly bear fruit.
離虛誑語，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，離眾毀謗，攝持正法，如其誓願，所作必果。
Because he gives up speech that causes dissension and practices giving, he will always be rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. His family will be harmonious and all the members of the family have the same aspirations and joys in common and will never unreasonably dispute with one another.
離離間語，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，眷屬和睦，同一志樂，恒無乖諍。
Because he gives up coarse evil speech and practices giving, he will always be rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. At all gatherings people joyfully accept him as their teacher. His words will be received with trust without opposition.
離麤惡語，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，一切眾會，歡喜歸依，言皆信受，無違拒者。
Because he gives up meaningless speech and practices giving, he will always be rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. His words are not spoken in vain, but are received with respect by all people. He is able and skilled in solving doubts and uncertainties.
離無義語，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，言不虛設，人皆敬受，能善方便，斷諸疑惑。
Because he gives up the greedy mind and practices giving, he is always rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. All he has he gives to others with kindness. His confidence is firm and his understanding well grounded. He is endowed with great authority and strength.
離貪求心，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，一切所有，悉以惠舍，信解堅固，具大威力。
Because he gives up the angry mind and practices giving, he is always rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. He quickly accomplishes by himself the wisdom of the mind that is free from obstruction. All his faculties are well dignified and all those who see him respect and love him.
離忿怒心，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，速自成就，無礙心智，諸根嚴好，見皆敬愛。
Because he gives up the perverted mind and practices giving, he is always rich in wealth without anybody being able to rob him. He is always born in family, which is possessed of right views, reverence and confidence. He sees the Buddha, hears the dharma and supports the Community of Monks. He never forgets or loses the great Illumination Mind.
離邪倒心，而行施故，常富財寶，無能侵奪，恒生正見敬信之家，見佛聞法，供養眾僧，常不忘失大菩提心。
These are the great benefits obtained by a Great Being (Mahasattva), who at the time he cultivates the Bodhisattva path, practices the ten wholesome actions and adorns them with giving.
是為大士修菩薩道時，行十善業，以施莊嚴，所獲大利如是。
Thus, oh Dragon King, I am summarizing. Because one adorns the practice of the ten wholesome ways of action with morality, the meaning and benefit of all the Buddha-dharma can arise and the great vows are brought to completion.
龍王，舉要言之，行十善道，以戒莊嚴故，能生一切佛法義利，滿足大願。
Because one adorns this practice of the ten wholesome ways of actions with patience, one attains to the perfect voice of the Buddha and all the marks will be lovely.
忍辱莊嚴故，得佛圓音，具眾相好。
Because one adorns this practice with effort, one is able to destroy the Mara enemy and enter into the store of Buddha-dharmas.
精進莊嚴故，能破魔怨，入佛法藏。
Because one adorns this practice with meditation, therefore mindfulness, wisdom, shame, conscientiousness and calm will arise.
定莊嚴故，能生念慧慚愧輕安。
Because one adorns this practice with wisdom one is able to cut off wrong views arising from discrimination.
慧莊嚴故，能斷一切分別妄見。
Because one adorns this practice with loving kindness no thought of anger or harming will arise in oneself towards any being.
慈莊嚴故，于諸眾生，不起惱害。
Because one adorns this practice with compassion, one will have sympathy towards all beings and will never get weary of and indifferent to them.
悲莊嚴故，愍諸眾生，常不厭舍。
Because one adorns this practice with sympathetic joy, one’s mind when seeing somebody cultivating the good will be free from envy and jealousy.
喜莊嚴故，見修善者，心無嫌嫉。
Because one adorns this practice with serenity, one will not have a mind that is neither attached to favorable circumstances or that resents adverse circumstances.
舍莊嚴故，于順違境，無愛恚心。
Because one adorns this practice with the four ways of helping others, one will always be diligent in helping and teaching all beings.
四攝莊嚴故，常勤攝化一切眾生。
Because one adorns this practice with the foundations of mindfulness, one will be able to be skillful in the practice of the contemplation of the four foundations of mindfulness.
念處莊嚴故，善能修習四念處觀。
Because one adorns this practice with the four right efforts, one will be able to cut off and remove entirely all unwholesome dharmas.
正勤莊嚴故，悉能斷除一切不善法，成一切善法。
Because one adorns this practice with the four roads to power, one’s body and mind will always be calm and at ease.
神足莊嚴故，恒令身心輕安快樂。
Because one adorns this practice with the five faculties, deep confidence will be firmly established, there will be unremitting effort, one is always free from confusion and from delusion, one is at peace and well balanced, and all the defilement will be cut off.
五根莊嚴故，深信堅固，精勤匪懈，常無迷妄，寂然調順，斷諸煩惱。
Because one adorns this practice with the five powers, all enmity will be entirely destroyed and one cannot be harmed.
力莊嚴故，眾怨盡滅，無能壞者。
Because one adorns this practice with the seven factors of illumination, one will always well awake to all dharmas.
覺支莊嚴故，常善覺悟一切諸法。
Because one adorns this practice with the Noble Eightfold Path, one will attain to perfect wisdom which will always be present before oneself.
正道莊嚴故，得正智慧常現在前。
Because one adorns this practice with calm meditation, one is able to wash away all the bonds and latent tendencies.
止莊嚴故，悉能滌除一切結使。
Because one adorns this practice with insight meditation, one is able to know the self nature of all dharmas according to reality.
觀莊嚴故，能如實知，諸法自性。
Because one adorns this practice with the means, one will quickly attain to the fulfillment of the conditioned and unconditioned happiness.
方便莊嚴故，速得成滿，為無為樂。
Oh Dragon King, you should know that these ten wholesome actions can lead up to the completion of the Ten Powers of the Tathágata, of the Four Kinds of Fearlessness, of the Eighteen Dharmas that distinguish the Buddha and of all Buddha-dharmas. You should therefore practice and train with diligence.
龍王，當知此十善業，乃至能令十力、無畏、十八不共、一切佛法，皆得圓滿，是故汝等應勤修學。
Oh Dragon King, it is like the towns and villages, they all depend on the great ground where they stand. All the herbs, grasses, flowers, trees, and woods also depend on the ground for their growth. With these ten wholesome ways of actions it is the same. All men and devas are established (in their human and Deva nature) depending on them. The illumination of all the Sravakas, of all the Pratyekas, the way of the Bodhisattva, all Buddha-dharmas they all are attained and come to fruition due to these ten wholesome great grounds.
龍王，譬如一切城邑聚落，皆依大地而得安住，一切藥草卉木叢林，亦皆依地而得生長。此十善道，亦復如是。一切人天，依之而立，一切聲聞獨覺菩提、諸菩薩行、一切佛法，咸共依此十善大地，而得成就。
After the Buddha had spoken this discourse, the Dragon King of the Ocean, together with the great assembly, all the devas, asuras, and so on, all rejoiced greatly, received it with confidence and put it reverently into practice.
佛說此經已，娑竭羅龍王及諸大眾、一切世間天人阿修羅等，皆大歡喜，信受奉行。