解脫心 A Heart Released 五、世間萬物的根本因緣

§5. The root cause of everything in the universe.

五、世間萬物的根本因緣

The seven books of the Abhidhamma, except for the Patthana (The Book on Origination), are finite in scope. As for the Patthana, it is anantanaya, infinite in scope. Only a Buddha is capable of comprehending it in its entirety. When we consider the Pali text, which begins hetu-paccayo, we find that the cause (hetu) that acts as the primal sustaining factor (paccaya) for all things in the cosmos is nothing other than the heart. The heart is the great cause — what is primal, what is important. All things apart from it are effects or conditions. The remaining factors mentioned in the Patthana, from arammana (objective support) to aviggata (not without) can act as sustaining factors only because the great cause, the heart, comes first. Thus mano, discussed in § 4; thitibhutam, which will be discussed in § 6; and the great cause discussed here all refer to the same thing. The Buddha was able to formulate the Dhamma and Vinaya, to know things with his ten-powered intuition, and to comprehend all knowable phenomena, all because the great cause acted as the primal factor. His comprehension was thus infinite in scope. In the same way, all of the disciples had this great cause acting as their primal factor and so were able to know in accordance with the Buddha’s teachings. This is why the Venerable Assaji, the fifth of the five brethren, taught Upatissa (the Venerable Sariputta),

　　七冊的阿毗達磨(論藏)，除了發趣論之外，都有一定的范圍；至于發趣，它的范圍是無限的。只有佛陀才能了解它的全部。當我們思考巴利聖典，它以因緣相應開始，我們發現宇宙萬物持續的主要因緣不外是心意，心意是偉大的因緣，它就是主要的，就是重要的。所有的事情除了它之外就是果報或因緣。在發趣論里所提到的其余因素，從所緣到不離緣，能夠作為持續的因素，就是由于這偉大的因緣，心意，首先來到。如是第４節里討論的 mano— 心意；第６節里即將討論到的『住地』；和這里討論的偉大因緣都是指同一件事，佛陀能夠明確解說正法律，以他的十力直覺了知事物，並了解一切法，正因為以這個大因緣做為主要的因素，他的理解范圍是無限的。同樣的，所有的弟子們也以這個偉大的因緣做為他們的主要因素，所以才能如實知道佛陀的教導，這就是阿說示尊者(馬勝比丘)，五同修(比丘)中的第五位，所教導舍利弗尊者的—

ye dhamma hetu-pabhava tesam hetum tathagato tesanca yo nirodho ca evam vadi mahasamano:

　『諸法因緣生，亦從因緣滅；我師大沙門，常作如是說』

‘Whatever dhammas arise from a cause…’ This great cause being the important factor, the primal factor, then when the Venerable Assaji reached this point — the great cause — how could the Venerable Sariputta’s mind help but penetrate down to the current of the Dhamma? — for everything in the world comes about due to the great cause. Even the transcendent dhammas are reached by the great cause. This is why the Patthana is said to be infinite in its scope. Whoever trains the heart, the great cause, until it is clear and dazzling, is capable of knowing everything of every sort infinitely, both within and without.

　『諸法因緣生 ‥‥ ‥‥』由于這個偉大的因緣是重要的因素，主要的因素，因此當阿說示尊者達到這個程度時—偉大的因緣—舍利弗尊者怎能不深入于法流？—世間一切法都是因此大因緣而生，即使是超越世間的法義也是由此大因緣達到的，這就是為什麼說發趣論的范圍是無限的。任何人，訓練心意—偉大的因緣—直到它明亮燦爛，便能夠無限地了知內在和外在的各種事物。