在知時未能觀照法 Failure to Meditate on Mind Objects While Knowing

Failure to Meditate on Mind Objects While Knowing

在知時未能觀照法

「Dhammam ñatvā sati mutthā, piyam nimittam manasi karoto. Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhossa titthati.」

「Having thought of a mind object, one loses mindfulness. Getting involved in the attraction of it, one feels the onset of desire that tries to imbibe it.」

「知到法，失去正念。作意法的可意相，他感受到貪著的侵襲，努力地粘著法。」

Here, the term 『dhamma』 - mind object, is not used in the abstract sense. It relates to the six bases of eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind. It creates the idea of male or female. It embraces the material qualities of life and nutrition. It includes all concepts of humanity or divinity, and all animals such as cattle, etc. It includes all inanimate object such as pots and pans, and buildings like houses. All sense-objects, whether real or imaginary, are dhammas. When ordinary individuals see things that exist in nature, they recognise them by concepts as trees, forests, and mountains. Those who are accomplished in knowledge by comprehension(sammasana-ñāna) and knowledge of arising and passing away(udayabbaya-ñāna) often see visions of deities, Arahants, and Buddhas, and other objects that are real flesh and blood. However they are seen, whether by the eye or the mind』s eye, the subject develops attachment or aversion to them in accordance with his or her feeling about them. Once these feelings arise, he or she becomes forgetful of the Dhamma, ingesting or imbibing what he or she thinks about. Then defilements arise. This is explained in the following stanza.

這里的術語『dhamma』 -心的對象，不是使用于究竟義中。它涉及眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意六根。它產生了男性或女性的觀念。它包含身體的材料物質和營養。它包括人類或天神以及牛等動物的所有概念。它包括比如壺、鍋和房屋建築等所有無生命對象。所有的感官對象，不管是究竟的還是虛構的，都是法。普通人看到自然界中存在的事物時，他們通過樹、森林、山脈等概念來識別它們。那些達到思惟智(sammasana-ñāna，注1)和生滅智(udayabbaya-ñāna)的人，常常看到天神、阿羅漢、佛陀、以及其他有真實血肉的對象的景象。不管它們是如何被看到的，通過眼睛還是心的眼，這對象依照觀察者對它們的感受而給他們引發出貪愛或嗔恚。他就忘失了禪修，攝取或吸收他所想到的。然後煩惱生起。這個內容解釋在下面行中。(該段需要校對)

(譯注：該段的he or she becomes forgetful of the Dhamma，在BSNO原版是：he becomes forgetful of the practice of meditation)

「Tassa vaddhanti vedanā, anekā dhammasambhavā; Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati. Evamācinato dukkham, ārā nibbāna vuccati.」

「A multitude of passions such as covetousness and rage, springing from ideas, torments one who takes a firm hold of it, with the result that his mind becomes burdened with vexation. Therefore, nibbāna remains remote from one who would rather carry the burden of suffering than practise meditation.」

「許多染著，比如貪婪與惱怒，因為法的觸發而生起，折磨牢固地抓取法的人，導致他的心負擔著苦惱。因此，涅槃停駐在寧願承受苦的重擔也不練習禪修的人的遠方。」

(譯注1，英譯是「Knowledge of Comprehension、理解智」。詞源分析是：《巴漢詞典》Sammasana，(sammasati＜sam一起+ mas接觸、感覺)。溫宗堃所譯的《清淨智論》中譯之為「觸知智」。)