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26 -TheHolyMan(Dh.383-423) 二十六、婆羅門品

26 -TheHolyMan(Dh.383-423)

  1. Exert yourself, O holy man1! Cut off the stream (of craving) and discard sense desires Knowing the destruction of all conditioned things, become, O holy man, a knower of the Uncreate (Nibbana)!

  2. When a holy man has reached the summit of the two paths (meditative concentration and insight), he knows the Truth and all fetters fall away.

  3. He for whom there is neither this shore2 nor the other shore, nor yet both, he who is free of cares and is unfettered –him do I call a holy man.

〈二十六、婆羅門 3品〉

1 「Holy person」 is used rather than Buddharakkhita』s 「holy man」 as a gender neutral term. 「Holy man」 was used as a makeshift rendering for brahmana, intended to reproduce the ambiguity of the Indian word. Originally men of spiritual stature, by the time of the Buddha the brahmins had turned into a privileged priesthood which defined itself by means of birth and lineage rather thanby genuineinner sanctity. TheBuddha attemptedtorestore tothe word brahmana its original connotation by identifying the true 「holy man」 as the Arahat, who merits the title through his inward purity and holiness regardless of family lineage. The contrast between the two meanings is highlighted in verses 393 and 396. Those who led a contemplative life dedicated to gaining Arahatship could also be called brahmins, as in verses 383, 389and390.

2 This shore: thesix sense organs; the other shore: their correspondingobjects; both: I-ness andmy-ness.

3 婆羅門:在此指聖者。

383勇敢斷除于欲流,汝當棄欲婆羅門!若知于諸行滅盡, 汝便知無作涅槃。1

384若常住于二法2,婆羅門達彼岸;所有一切系縛, 從彼智者而滅。3

385無彼岸.此岸4,兩岸悉皆無,離苦5無系縛,是謂婆羅門。6

  1. He who is meditative and stainless, settled and whose work is done, free from cankers, having reached the highest goal -him do I call aholy man. 1一位虔誠的婆羅門在聽佛陀說法後,非常的喜悅。以後便每天在家里供養 十六位比丘,他對每位比丘都尊稱他們為阿拉漢。那些未證阿拉漢果的比 丘感到很尷尬,便不再到他的家接受供養。他來到精舍向佛陀問原因。僧 眾把不敢接受被他稱為阿拉漢的事實告訴佛陀。佛陀說:「你們難道不喜 歡他尊稱你們為阿拉漢嗎?」「大德!我們不喜歡。」「諸比丘!這只不 過是人們感到喜悅時的表現,表現喜悅並沒有罪過。這位婆羅門對阿拉漢 是無限的關愛。因此你們應該截斷欲流,追求阿拉漢境界。」

2住于二法:dvayesu dhammesu,即止禪(四禪八定)、觀禪(觀名色的實相— 無常、苦、無我)。

3有一天,三十名比丘在外地居住的僧人來禮敬佛陀,並坐下來。舍利弗 尊者觀察他們有證得阿拉漢的潛能,便去見佛陀。他在他們面前站著問 佛陀:「大德!您常說的兩法,到底是哪兩法?」「那就是『止』與『觀』 (samathavipassana)。」佛陀說完偈頌之後,他們就都證得阿拉漢果。

4無彼岸此岸:DhA:p ppppa aaaar rrrran ananananti ajjhattikani chaayatanani. A AAAAp ppppa aaaar rrrran ananananti bahirani chaayatanani. P PPPPa aaaar rrrra aaaap ppppa aaaar rrrran ananananti tadubhayam.(彼岸:自我身內的六處(眼.耳. 鼻.舌.身.意)。非彼岸:外部的六處(色.聲.香.味.觸.法)。)不著彼岸.此岸, 故說無彼岸此岸。

5苦:dara,亦作「怖畏」。

6魔王問佛陀:「世尊!您說彼岸、彼岸(param paranti)。彼岸是什么意思?」 佛陀對他說:「啊!惡魔!彼岸跟你無關。離染才能到達彼岸。」

  1. The sun shines by day, the moon shines by night. The warrior shines in armour, the holy man shines in meditation. But theBuddha shines resplendent all day and all night.

  2. Because he has discarded evil, he is called a holy man. Because he is serene in conduct, he is called a recluse. And because he has renounced his impurities, he is called a renunciate.

  3. One should not strike a holy man, nor should a holy man, when struck, give way to anger. Shame on him who strikes a holy man, and more shame onhim who gives way toanger.

  4. Nothing is better fora holy man than when he holds his mind back from what is endearing. To the extent the intent to harm wears away, tothat extent does suffering subside.

  5. He who does no evil in deed, word and thought, who is restrained in these three ways –him do I call a holy man. armour︰n.戰甲,甲胄,鐵鎧 386彼人入禪定,安住離塵垢,所作皆已辦,無諸煩惱漏,

證最高境界,是謂婆羅門。1

1有一位婆羅門,認為「喬答摩佛陀稱呼弟子為『婆羅門』,那么他是出生

387日照晝兮月明夜,剎帝利武裝輝耀,婆羅門禪定光明, 佛陀光普照晝夜。1

388棄除惡業者,是名婆羅門。行為清淨者,則稱為沙門, 自除垢穢者,是名出家人。2

〈389~ 390〉 389莫打婆羅門!婆羅門莫瞋,打彼者可恥,忿發恥更甚! 390婆羅門此非小益──若自喜樂制其心。隨時斷除于害心,

是唯得止于苦痛。3

391不以身.語.意,行作諸惡業,制此三處者,是謂婆羅門。

  1. Just as a brahmin priest reveres his sacrificial fire, even so should one devoutly revere the person from whom one has learned theDhamma taught by the Buddha. 種姓為婆羅門,難道不這樣稱呼我?」他就前去見佛陀,並向佛陀說明 他的看法。佛陀說:「婆羅門!我不會因為出生種姓,而稱呼為 『婆羅門 』。 只有證得最高境界的阿拉漢,我才稱他為 『婆羅門 』。」

1某年的七月的自恣日 (月圓日 ),在鹿母講堂 (Migaramatupasade),波斯匿 王一身盛裝,前來向佛陀問訊。當時,坐在大眾邊緣的迦留陀夷長老 (Kaludayitthero)也正入深定中,發出金黃色光。太陽正在下山,而月亮 也正要出來,在天邊放光芒。阿難尊者看見佛陀身上的光輝,遠比其它 的光芒更耀眼。阿難跟佛陀行禮後,說:「大德!你身上綻放出來的光 輝勝過所有的光。」佛陀回答阿難:「太陽白天放光;月亮晚上放光; 國王的裝飾亮麗;舍斷煩惱 (khina save)的僧團,及入三摩缽地耀眼;諸 佛日夜都綻放五種光輝。」

2一位婆羅門出家為外道出家人,認為「喬答摩佛陀稱呼弟子為 『出家人 』, 我是出家人,也該稱呼我為 『出家人』。」他就前去見佛陀,並向佛陀說 明他的看法。佛陀說:「我不會因為這樣的外表而稱呼他們為 『出家人 』。 污垢(kilesamalanam)的出離者,我才稱他為 『出家人 』。」

3有一位婆羅門,從舍利弗尊者背後打他,舍利弗尊者連頭也不回。

  1. Not by matted hair, nor by lineage, nor by birth does one become a holy man. But he in whom truth and righteousness exist –he is pure. He is a holy man.

  2. What is the use of your matted hair, O witless man? What of your garment of antelope』s hide? Within you is the tangle (of passion), only outwardly do you cleanse yourself1.

  3. The personwho wears a robemade of rags, who is lean, with veins showing all over the body, and who meditates alone in the forest –him do I call a holy man.

  4. I do not call him a holy man because of his lineage or his high-born mother. If he has impeding attachments, he is just a supercilious man. But who is free from impediments and clinging –him do I call a holy man.

  5. He who, having cutoff all fetters, trembles no more, who has overcome all attachments and is emancipated –him do I call a holy man.

1 In the time of the Buddha, such ascetic practices as wearing matted hair and garmentsof hides were consideredmarksof holiness.

impede︰v.妨礙,阻礙。 impediment︰n.妨礙,障礙物。

392正等覺者所說法,不論從何而得聞,于彼說者應敬禮,如婆羅門1敬聖火。 2

393不因髻髮與種族,亦非生為婆羅門。誰知真實及達摩3, 彼為幸福4婆羅門。5

394愚者結髮髻,衣羊皮6何益?內心具欲林,形儀徒嚴飾!

395諸著糞掃衣7,消瘦露經脈,林中獨入定,是謂婆羅門。

396所謂婆羅門,非從母胎生。如執諸煩惱,但名說「菩」者 9。 若無一切執,是謂婆羅門。

397斷除一切結,彼實無恐怖,無著離系縛,是謂婆羅門。

1婆羅門:在此指一般的祭祀婆羅門。

2舍利弗尊者每天入睡前都遙向馬勝尊者的方向禮拜,有些比丘誤會他還 有舊有的婆羅門宗教行為,佛陀說︰「他不是拜四方,他禮拜引他聞法 證得須陀洹果的自己的阿闍梨馬勝尊者 (Assajitthera),任何比丘都要依 止阿闍梨學法,就像婆羅門拜火一樣,恭敬禮拜。」

3真實:四聖諦。達摩:九出世間法。 4幸福:sukhi。斯里蘭卡版作 suci(清淨)。 5有一位纏發的苦行婆羅門 (jatilabrahmana),認為「我母我父都是出生于純婆羅門家族,喬答摩佛陀稱呼弟子為 『婆羅門 』,難到不這樣稱呼我?」 他就前去見佛陀,並向佛陀說明他的看法。佛陀說:「婆羅門!我不會 因為任何人是婆羅門,或結髮,或者出生種姓為婆羅門,就稱呼他為 『婆 羅門』。只有貫通 (四聖)諦者(patividdhasaccameva),我才稱他為 『婆羅門 』。」

6羊皮:ajina,是羊皮或羚羊皮。原作「鹿皮」,作更正。 7糞掃衣:拾撿人家丟棄衣、布,洗淨、聯綴起來做僧袍。 8吉離舍比丘尼 (Kisagotami)是「持粗衣第一」者。有一次,她騰空而來向佛陀禮敬,被來親近佛陀的帝釋天王看見,帝釋天王問佛陀她是誰?佛陀說偈。 9「菩」者:菩(Bho喂),是對平輩或下輩的稱呼。

398.He who has cut off the thong (of hatred), the band (of craving), and the rope (of false views), together with the appurtenances (latent evil tendencies), he who has removed the crossbar (of ignorance) and is enlightened –him do I call a holy man.

  1. He who without resentment endures abuse, beating and punishment, whose power, real might, is patience –him do I call aholy man.

  2. He who is free fromanger, devout, virtuous, without craving, self-subdued, bears his final body –him do I call aholy man.

  3. Like water on a lotus leaf or a mustard seed onthe point of a needle, he who does not cling to sensual pleasures –him do I call aholy man.

appurtenance︰n.附加物,附屬物。 crossbar︰n.閂,橫木。

398除皮帶與韁,及斷繩.所屬,舍障礙1覺者,是謂婆羅門。

399能忍罵與打,而無有瞋恨,具忍力強軍,是謂婆羅門。2

400無有瞋怒具德行,持戒不為諸欲潤,調御得達最後身 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。 3

401猶如水落于蓮葉,如置芥子于針鋒,不染著于愛欲者 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。 4

1皮帶(鞭):喻瞋恚。韁(系馬繩索 ):喻愛欲。繩:喻邪見。所屬(附屬物 ): 潛伏煩惱 (anusaya隨眠)。障礙:喻無明。

2有位婆羅豆婆遮婆羅門 (Bharadvaja),他的妻子陀然闇仁 (Dhanabjani)已 證得初果。每當她打噴嚏、咳嗽或跌倒時,總是說:「皈依世尊 .阿拉 漢.無上正等正覺者。」有一天,因此,婆羅豆婆遮很生氣。于是,他 生氣的說:「討厭的女人,我將和你的導師辯論,使他慘敗。」那女人 說:「儘管去吧!婆羅門。我從來沒有見過在辯論中能令佛陀慘敗的人。 去和他辯論吧!」那婆羅門前去找佛陀辯論。他見到佛陀時也不敬禮, 就以詩偈方式提出問題:「滅何物才能過安樂的生活?滅何物才不再有 苦惱?喬達摩你有何滅此物的方法?」佛陀回答:「滅瞋者過安樂的生 活。滅瞋者不再有苦惱。婆羅門!瞋是裹上糖衣的毒藥。聖人讚頌滅瞋 者,因為他已滅瞋,他不再有苦惱。」那婆羅門為佛陀的解說而折服, 便皈依佛陀出家為比丘;不久後證得阿拉漢果。

3有一次,佛陀在竹林精舍時,舍利弗和一群比丘前往那羅卡村 (nalakagame)他母親的家去托缽。他母親拿食物給舍利弗長老時,說: 「你是吃剩菜剩飯的人!你拋棄所有的財富,出家做比丘,你毀了我們!」 她接著拿食物給其他比丘時,也粗魯地說:「你們當我的兒子的小侍者, 現在吃吧!」舍利弗長老一語不發,只是保持沉默。回精舍後,諸比丘 向佛陀報告這件羞辱之事。佛陀說︰「漏盡者絕對不會生氣」 (「khina sava nama akkodhanava honti」ti)。

4蓮華色比丘尼為人強暴後,諸比丘討論她受不受樂。佛陀說了此偈。

  1. He who in this very life realizes for himself the end of suffering, who has laid aside the burden and become emancipated –him do I call aholy man.

  2. He who has profound knowledge, who is wise, skilled in discerning the right or wrong path, and has reached the highest goal –him doI call a holy man.

  3. He who holds aloof from householders and ascetics alike, and wanders about with no fixed abode and but few wants–him doI call a holy man.

  4. He who has renounced violence towards all living beings, weak or strong, who neither kills nor causes others to kill -him do I call aholy man.

  5. He who is friendly amidst the hostile, peaceful amidst the violent, and unattached amidst the attached –him do I call a holy man.

  6. He whose lust and hatred, pride and hypocrisy have fallen off like a mustard seed from the point of a needle –him do I call a holy man.

  7. He who utters gentle, instructive and truthful words, who imprecates none –him doI call a holy man.

hypocrisy︰n.偽善,虛偽。 mustard︰n.芥子。 imprecates︰v.詛咒。

402若人于此世界中,覺悟消滅其自苦,放棄重負得解脫 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。

403有甚深智慧,善辨道非道,證無上境界,是謂婆羅門。

404不與俗人混,不與僧相雜1,無家無欲者,是謂婆羅門。

405一切強弱有情中,彼人盡棄于刀杖,不自殺.不教他殺 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。

406于仇敵中友誼者,執杖人中溫和者,執著人中無著者 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。

407貪欲瞋恚並慢心,以及虛偽皆脫落,猶如芥子落針鋒 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。2

408不言粗惡語,說益語.實語,不觸怒于人,是謂婆羅門。3

1不僧俗混雜:DhA:as asasasasa aaaam mmmms ssssa aaaaY ttttY tttth hhhhan ananananti dassana-savana-samullapana-paribhogakaya- samsagganam abhavena asamsattham.(未接觸:因接觸見、聽、交談、 遍受用、身的消失,[是]未接觸。)

2摩訶槃特長老(Mahapanthaka)在弟弟周利槃特(Culapanthaka)出家為比丘 時已經是阿拉漢了。具壽周利槃特甚至在四個月內無法記住一句偈語。 摩訶槃特長老因此對他說︰「你在教中無能,不如回家享受俗人的生活。 離去吧!」就把他拖出精舍,關上門。有些比丘議論紛紛:「漏盡者是 否仍然會發脾氣?」佛陀來了之後,說:「諸比丘!漏盡者沒有染等煩 惱。我的兒子(mama puttena佛陀有時用以稱呼他的證果的弟子)是想以 義理幫助、以法幫助。」周利槃特天生愚笨,因為他某一世曾作弄一名 愚笨的比丘的果報。

3畢陵伽婆蹉長老(Pilindavacchatthera)是阿拉漢,但是累世是婆羅門養成說 話有傲慢的口氣。他叫人常用「ehi, Vasali, yahi, Vasali」ti(來!賤民!走 開!賤民!)「賤民」古譯用「小婢」(T25.71﹑251﹑260﹑649;T27.71)

  1. He who in this world takes nothing that is not given to him, be it long or short, small or big, good or bad –him do I call a holy man.

  2. He who wants nothing of either this world or the next, who is desire-free and emancipated –him do I call a holy man.

  3. He who has no attachment, who through perfect knowledge is free from doubts and has plunged into the Deathless –him doI call a holy man.

  4. He who in this world has transcended the ties of both merit and demerit, who is sorrowless, stainless and pure–him do I call aholy man.

  5. He who, like themoon, is spotless and pure, serene and clear, who has destroyed the delight in existence –him do I call a holy man.

  6. He who, having traversed this miry, perilous and delusive round of existence, has crossed over and reached the other shore, meditative, calm and free from doubt, clinging to nothing, attained to Nibbana –him doI call a holy man.

miry︰a.泥濘的,盡是泥的。 perilous︰a.危險的。

409于此善或惡,修短與粗細,不與而不取,是謂婆羅門。1

410對此世.他世,均無有欲望,無欲而解脫,是謂婆羅門。2

411無有貪欲者,了悟無疑惑,證得無生地,是謂婆羅門。3

412若于此世間,不著善與惡,無憂而清淨,是謂婆羅門。4

413如月淨無瑕,澄靜而清明,滅于再生欲,是謂婆羅門。5

414超越泥濘崎嶇道,並踰愚癡輪迴海,得度彼岸住禪定, 無欲而又無疑惑,無著證涅槃 .寂靜──我稱彼為婆羅門。

6

1有位阿拉漢比丘撿起來一件以為別人丟棄的衣服,被主人認為是小偷。 其他比丘後來問阿拉漢比丘這衣服的質料,他回答說,他不在意它,不 執著它。佛陀說了此偈︰「任何長的、短的,細的、粗的,美的、丑的, 在世間不拿不給予的東的,我稱他為婆羅門。」

2有比丘向佛陀反應舍利弗尊者仍然執著物質。世尊說了此偈。 3有比丘向佛陀反應大目犍連尊者仍然執著物質。世尊說了此偈。 4本偈因離婆多長老(Revatatthera)而說。許多比丘議論紛紛︰「這沙馬內

拉得到很多供養,造很多福,他為五百比丘蓋造五百間臨時屋。」佛陀 說︰「諸比丘!我的兒子 (弟子)沒有福,也沒有惡;兩者都已斷了。」 5一位肚臍會發光的人肯達帕 (Candabha)被帶來見佛陀,想跟佛陀較量, 但是跟佛陀在一起,肚臍的光就消失,一離開又會發光,他想,佛陀知 道使肚臍的光消失,他要佛陀教他,佛陀勸他先出家,後來他證得阿拉漢。

6這是「利得第一」的尸瓦利長老 (Sivalitthera)而說。殊帕瓦沙公主 (SuppavasaKoliyadhita)懷孕他的時間超長,也很苦,當佛陀給她祝福之 後,就順利生下來。尸瓦利過去世曾當王子,為了奪回被占領的城池, 圍城,斷水、斷炊多日,以致得到在胎中久時受苦的果報。

  1. He who, having abandoned sensual pleasures, renounced the household life and become a homeless one, has destroyed both sensual desire and continued existence –him do I call a holy man.

  2. He who, having abandoned craving, renounced the household life and become a homeless one, has destroyed both craving and continued existence –him do I call aholy man.

  3. He who, casting off human bonds and transcending heavenly ties, is wholly delivered of all bondages –him do I call a holy man.

  4. He who, having cast off likes and dislikes, has become tranquil, rid of the substrata of existence and like a hero has conquered all the worlds –him doI call aholy man.

  5. He who, in every way, knows the death and rebirth of all beings, and is totally detached, blessed and enlightened –him doI call a holy man.

  6. He whose track no gods, no angels, no humans trace, the Arahat who has destroyed all cankers –him do I call a holy man.

cast off︰放出,脫下。 substrata︰n.基礎(pl. of substratum)。

415棄舍欲樂于此世,出家而成無家人,除滅欲樂生起者 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。1

416棄舍愛欲于此世,出家而成無家人,除滅愛欲生起者 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。

417遠離人間縛,超越天上縛,除一切縛者,是謂婆羅門。

418棄舍喜.不喜2,清涼無煩惱,勇者勝世間3,是謂婆羅門。4

〈419~ 420〉

419若遍知一切──有情死與生,無執.善逝.佛,是謂婆羅門。

420諸天.乾闥婆及人,俱不知彼之所趣,煩惱漏盡阿拉漢 ──我稱彼為婆羅門。5

1山卓山慕達長老(Sundarasamuddatthera)拒絕了一位妓女的勾引。佛陀以 神通力放光跟他說法。

2棄舍喜 .不喜: DhA: r rrrrat atatatati iiiin nnnnti pabcakamagunaratim. A AAAAr rrrrat atatatati iiiin nnnnti arabbavase ukkanthitattam.(喜樂:喜樂五種欲。不喜樂:在疏遠處的滯留所,未滿 意的狀態。)

3世間:sabbaloka(一切世間),指貪欲等。

4 417-418偈因那塔其拉(Natakila)舞者而說。他聞法後就出家,後來證得 阿拉漢果,也不再喜歡跳舞了。世尊說了此偈。阿拉漢不會再跳舞,後 代編的經有誤傳,如︰「時諸一切聲聞大眾(大迦葉等),聞琴樂音不能 堪耐,各從座起,放舍威儀誕貌逸樂,如小兒舞戲不能自持。」(T15.371.1)

5住王舍城的婆耆舍婆羅門,他只要摸死人的骨骸,就能判斷該人究竟往 生何處。有一次,他同一夥人到精舍去見佛陀,佛陀知道來意之後,吩 咐一比丘準備往生地獄、畜生、人間、天界的四付骨骸,同時也準備了 一位阿拉漢的骨頭。婆耆舍正確判斷前四付骨頭的主人往生處,但最後 一付骨頭卻難倒他。佛陀便說:「婆耆舍!怎么了,不知道了吧!」婆 耆舍請求佛陀教導他。佛陀建議他先出家,才教導他。婆耆舍成為比丘

  1. He who clings to nothing ofthe past, present and future, who has no attachment and holds on to nothing –him do I call a holy man.

  2. He, the Noble, the Excellent, the Heroic, the Great Sage, the Conqueror, the Passionless, the Pure, the Enlightened –him do I call a holy man.

423.He who knows his former births, who sees heaven and hell, who has reached the end of births and attained to the perfection of insight, the sage who has reached the summit of spiritual excellence –him doI call a holy man.

後,佛陀教他觀想三十二種身體成分。他遵照指示,努力禪修,不久之 後,就證得阿拉漢果。

421前.後與中間1,彼無有一物,不著一物者,是謂婆羅門。2

422牛王3最尊勇猛者,大仙4無欲勝利者,浴己5無垢及覺者─ ─我稱彼為婆羅門。6

423牟尼能知于前生7,並見天界及惡趣,獲得除滅于再生, 業已完成無上智,一切圓滿成就者──我稱彼為婆羅門。8

1前.後與中間:Yassa pureca pacchaca, majjhe ca,即過去、未來、現在。 DhA:p ppppu uuuur rrrre eeeeti atitesu khandhesu. P PPPPac acacacacc cccch hhhha aaaati anagatesukhandhesu. M MMMMaj ajajajajj jjjjh hhhhe eeeeti paccuppannesukhandhesu. (在以前:在已過去的諸蘊。在未來:在未來 的諸蘊。在中間:在現在的諸蘊。)

2王舍城的毘舍佉優婆塞(Visakho)有一次聞佛說法後,證得阿那含果。它 回家後,告訴他的太太法授(Dhammadinna)說,繼承我的財產,我不再 管事了。他的太太拒絕,去出家,之後,證得阿拉漢果。毘舍佉問法授 比丘尼須陀洹道(sotapattimagge)的事,她回答。問其余諸道,她不回答, 她說這已超過了。請他去問佛陀。佛陀回答他說︰「我的女兒法授(mama dhitaya Dhammadinna)已經回答得很好了。」

3牛王:usabha牡牛,在此指超強無畏的人(acchambhitatthena)。 4大仙︰尋求大戒蘊(mahantanamsilakkhandhadinam esitatta m mmmmah ahahahahe eeees ssssi iiiim mmmm)。 5浴己︰沐浴污染,為沐浴(nhatakilesataya n nnnnh hhhha aaaat ttttak akakakaka aaaam mmmm)。 6本偈因鴦掘摩羅長老(Avgulimalatthera)而說。波斯匿王與末莉王后做一

次無遮大會供養,大會安排每位比丘都有一頭象遮陽,但是少了一頭馴 象,以野象充當,這一頭象安排在鴦掘摩羅長老身邊,它被牽到他的身 邊變成乖順,他沒有任何畏懼。

7前生︰Pubbenivasam,宿命。

8本偈因天福婆羅門 (Devahitabrahmana)而說。某時,世尊因胃腸病 (vatarogenaabadhiko, vata m.風 + roga m.病 =胃腸病),吩咐優波那長 老(Upavanatthera)向天福婆羅門化緣熱水,天福婆羅門就供養熱水與糖 蜜。之後,天福婆羅門問佛陀︰「供養什么人的功德最大?」佛陀就說 此偈。S.7.13.後半段不同:「若了知宿命,見天界惡趣,達生命滅盡, 圓通力牟尼;此應施施法,此施有大果,如是而供奉,如是施繁榮。」

~end ~

﹝參考資料﹞

1.《法句經》英漢對照, Acharya Buddharakkhita(英譯, Third Edition),了參法師 (中譯),明法比庫 (中文注釋 ),初版,嘉義市: 嘉義新雨道場, 2001年。 2.Acharya Buddharakkhita, The Dhammapada the Buddha』s Path of Wisdom, Second BPS edition, Sri Lanka: Karunaratne & Sons Ltd., 1966.

3.了參法師 (1916-1985)譯:《南傳法句經》 4.廖文燦譯,《巴利語法句選譯》,初版,嘉義縣:法雨道場, 2006年 5.Dhammapada-atthaka ﹐ Chattha Savgayana CD in 1956, edited by Dhammavassarama (嘉義法雨道場 ),2008年。(電子檔) 6.《法句經故事集》達摩難陀法師著周金言譯 7.《真理的寶藏》 –《法句經》 Treasury of Truth( Illustrated Dhammapada),薩拉達大法師 Singapore Buddhist Meditation Centre, 1997 8.《法句經故事集》 http://www.budaedu.org/story/dp000.php 9.《真理的寶藏》 http://ruolan.myweb.hinet.net/

開佛知見,示佛知見,使悟佛知見,入佛知見也。