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13 -TheWorld (Dh.167-178) 十三、世品

13 -TheWorld (Dh.167-178)

  1. Follow not the vulgar way; live not in heedlessness; hold not false views; linger not long in worldly existence. 168. Arise! Do not be heedless! Lead a righteous life. The righteous live happily bothin this world and the next. 169. Lead a righteous life; lead nota base life. The righteous live happily bothin this world and the next.

perverted︰a.使變壞的,腐蝕的。 intent︰a.熱切的。

〈十三、世品〉

167莫從卑劣法4。莫住于放逸。莫隨于邪見。莫增長世俗5。

1格他格草:katthaka,蘆葦類,結實則死。 2 (自)己利益︰attadattham,指道、果、涅槃。 3佛陀宣告︰「四個月後即將般涅槃。」七百位凡夫比丘(puthujjana bhikkhu)

生起悚懼心,來親近佛陀,共商︰「我們該怎么辦?」有位自利長老 (Attadatthatthero阿塔達塔)依然保持正常的作息,不來佛陀的身邊。其 他比丘誤解他的心意,便向佛陀報告。自利長老于是恭敬地向佛陀解釋, 他對佛陀最崇敬的就是在佛陀般涅槃之前,證得阿拉漢果。佛陀讚歎他: 「做得好!尊敬我的比丘,應該像你一樣。只有真正法隨法行 (dhammanudhammampatipajjantayeva)的人才是真正尊敬我的人。」(與 364偈的故事同)。

4卑劣法:DhA:h hhhhN iiiin nnnna aaaam mmmmd ddddh hhhham amamamamm mmmman ananananti pabcakamagunam dhammam.(卑劣法: 五種欲的法。)五種欲︰五種感官(眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意)的欲望。 5世俗︰loka,指生死輪迴。

〈168~169〉 168奮起莫放逸!行正法善行。依正法行者,此世.他世樂。 169行正法善行。勿行于惡行。依正法行者,此世.他世樂。

  1. One who looks upontheworld as abubble and amirage, him the King ofDeathsees not. 171. Come! Behold this world, which is like a decorated royal chariot. Here fools flounder, but the wise have no attachment to it. 172. He who having been heedless is heedless no more, illuminates this world like the moonfreed fromclouds. 173. He who by good deeds covers the evil he has done, illuminates this world like the moonfreed fromclouds. 174. Blind is this world; here only a few possess insight. Only a few, like birds escaping froma net, goto therealms ofbliss. 175. Swans fly onthe pathofthe sun; men pass throughthe air by psychic powers; the wise are led away from the world after vanquishing Mara and his host. vanquish︰v.征服。 scorn︰n. v.輕蔑,藐視

170視如水上浮漚,視如海市蜃樓,若人觀世如是, 死王不得見他。1

171來看這個世界,猶如莊嚴王車。愚人沈湎此中, 智者毫無執著。2

172若人先放逸,但後不放逸。彼照耀此世,如月出云翳。3

173若作惡業已,覆之以善者。彼照耀此世,如月出云翳。4

174此世界盲暝,能得見者少。如鳥脫羅網,鮮有升天者。

175天鵝飛行太陽道5,以神通力6可行空。智者破魔王魔眷,

1有五百位修觀的比丘 (pabcasatevipassakebhikkhu)到阿蘭若去禪修。但進展 緩慢,他們決定回精舍向佛陀請示,途中,他們遇見了海市蜃樓 (遠處景 象透過空中折射產生的幻影 ),就以這種業處作觀。當他們抵達精舍時, 突然暴雨,大雨滴打在地上,形成水泡,很快就消失。他們因此如是思惟: 「我們的身體就像這些水泡,終究會毀壞。」而察覺到五蘊無常。 無畏王子 (Abhayarajakumara)弭平邊疆叛亂,回宮後,頻婆沙羅王 (Bimbisara)很高興,特派擅長歌舞的舞女犒勞七天,讓他享受國王般的待 遇,在第七天,舞女暴斃,王子很傷心,他尋求佛陀的慰藉,佛陀說此偈。

3正人長老 (Sammajjanatthera沙嗎迦那 )大部分的時間都在掃地,同住比丘建 議他撥空觀身、觀生命實相、誦經等,他接受建議,不久即證得阿拉漢果。 4本則為佛陀為鴦掘摩羅長老(Avgulimalatthera)而說的。鴦掘摩羅原為殺

人魔王,後來被佛陀降伏,出家,證得阿拉漢果。 5太陽道:太陽行走的道路,即虛空。 6神通力︰超出常人的特別能力,如能遠視、遠聽或飛行等。修鍊禪定達

第四禪時,可以進一步引發超常的神通。

得能脫離于世間。1

 1約有三十位比丘來會見佛陀,阿難尊者轉身出去一下,再進來,他們都不見了,阿難尊者問︰「他們去哪里?」「阿難!走了。」「大德!怎么走的?」 「阿難!從天空走。」「他們是漏盡者?」「他們聽法之後證得阿拉漢果。」

  1. For a liar who has violated theone law (oftruthfulness), who holds in scorn the hereafter, there is no evil that theycannot do. 177. Truly, misers fare not to heavenly realms; nor, indeed, do fools praise generosity. But wise man rejoices in giving, and by thatalone does he become happy hereafter. 178. Better than sole sovereignty over the earth, better than going to heaven, better even than lordship over all the worlds is the Supramundane Fruition of Stream-entry.

176違犯一乘法1,及說妄語者,不信來世者,則無惡不作。

177慳者不生天。愚不讚布施。智者隨喜施,後必得安樂。

178一統大地者,得生天上者,一切世界主,不及預流3勝。

1 一乘法:ekam dhammam(一法),是指真理(saccam 諦)。

開佛知見,示佛知見,使悟佛知見,入佛知見也。